Abstract
Neurosociology is a new approach aimed at integrating social and biological sciences. In this paper, first we used
Alan Fiske’s theory (1992) of elementary forms of social relationships as a nexus between sociological studies
of groups and group-based emotions and relevant neuroscientific findings. Then, we identified types of social
situations that generate basic emotions (happiness, anger, sadness, and fear) within particular relationships.
Individuals participate differently in these situations. Therefore, they are expected to differ in their emotions
and cognitions, as well as in their underlying neural activity. Finally, we considered social affiliation and social
hierarchy corresponding to communal sharing and authority ranking social relationships to demonstrate the
logic of neurosociological research.